Why Packaged Drinking Water Considered High Risk by FSSAI?

Ensuring safe and pure drinking water is a top priority for public health in India. The packaged drinking water FSSAI high risk classification highlights how crucial strict safety and hygiene standards are in this industry. Since water can easily get contaminated during sourcing, processing, or packaging, so, FSSAI classifies packaged drinking water as a high-risk product to protect consumers. Businesses must follow the FSSAI's new rules for packaging and apply for an FSSAI registration to operate safely.

What Does “High Risk” Mean According to FSSAI?

According to FSSAI, “high-risk” foods are those which are likely to get contaminated and pose health risks if not handled properly. These foods require strict regulations, annual audits, and regular inspections to prevent contamination. These categories of food can include dairy, seafood, infant food, meat, and ready-to-eat items. Recently, packaged drinking water and mineral water have been included in this category. This classification focuses on keeping food safe and reducing health risks for customers through strict oversight.

Why Is Packaged Drinking Water Considered High-Risk by FSSAI?

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has classified packaged drinking water as a "high-risk food category."

Listed below are the key reasons why packaged drinking water FSSAI high risk is considered high risk:

• Potential for Microbial Contamination

Packaged drinking water can contain harmful microorganisms if it is not treated or stored in a proper way. FSSAI requires all producers to meet strict microbiological standards to prevent this risk. Regular testing is essential to ensure compliance with these standards.

• Potential for Contamination

If there is any error in filtration, treatment, or bottling, it can lead to microorganisms to enter the water. Such contamination can make the water unsafe for consumption. This can lead to serious illnesses such as diarrhoea, stomach infections, and other waterborne diseases.

• Risk of Adulteration and Chemical Imbalances

Improper handling of water can add harmful chemicals to the product. Unsafe storage conditions, use of low-quality additives, or unclean equipment can disturb the chemical balance in water. This issue is considered a “packaged drinking water FSSAI high risk”.  If you drink such water, it can cause health problems like digestive issues, kidney problems, long-term chemical exposure risks, and so on.

• Presence of Microplastics

Research shows that bottled water can contain tiny plastic particles, even nanoplastics. These small particles can enter into the human bloodstream and release harmful substances. Continuous use of such water can cause long-term health problems, including hormonal disturbances and accumulation of toxins in the body.

• Public Health Implications

Many people rely on packaged water across India. When there is any lapse in safety, it can affect many people quickly. Even minor lapses in hygiene or quality control can cause disease outbreaks, which necessitate strict monitoring.

• Increased Regulatory Oversight

High-risk classification ensures that manufacturers meet strict quality standards. They are required to allow authorities annual inspections, test water thoroughly, and comply with third-party food safety audits. These measures help to keep people healthy and ensure that consumers receive safe, clean, and free from contaminants water.

FSSAI New Rules for Packaging

FSSAI has introduced various updated packaging rules to ensure food safety and promote sustainable practices.

Here are the FSSAI new rules for packaging:

• Use of Recycled PET (rPET) Materials

As per FSSAI, you can use recycled PET, which is also known as rPET, for food packaging. The materials should follow strict safety standards to prevent harmful substances from entering the food. This process helps to encourage recycling and reduce plastic waste to keep food safe for consumption.

• Certification Requirement for Packaging Materials

All packaging materials need certification from NABL-accredited laboratories to ensure safety. This confirms that packaging materials meet safety standards, and it is suitable for food contact. Food businesses must use only certified packaging.

• Updated Standards for Different Materials

The rules signify clear standards for several materials of packaging like plastic pouches, aluminium cans, and glass bottles. Each material must follow safety guidelines to protect the quality and safety of food.

• Focus on Food Contact Safety

All food-related materials should be clean, safe, and non-toxic for consumers. Regular testing is mandatory for FSSAI to reduce harmful chemicals from reaching the food. These rules help to keep food safe and protect the health of consumers.

• Implementation Timeline

Every food business operator must follow these rules before 1^st July every year. This allows businesses to make changes and stay compliant without facing penalties.

• Prohibition of Misleading Labels

Packaging labels should not include false or exaggerated claims, such as “100% pure” without verification. This helps customers to get accurate information and prevents deceptive marketing.

• Consumer Safety and Environmental Responsibility

The main purpose of these rules is to protect people’s health and promote eco-friendly packaging. Businesses are required to keep food safe and reduce environmental waste through sustainable packaging choices. 

Importance of FSSAI License for Packaged Drinking Water

Listed below are the key importance of the FSSAI license for packaged drinking water:

• Regulatory Compliance

According to the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, every food business operator (FBOs) dealing with packaged drinking water must get a valid FSSAI license. The license proves that the business meets all safety standards set by FSSAI for water treatment processes, labelling requirements, and packaging. If a business does not follow the guidelines, it can lead to fines and the closure of the business.

• Consumer Confidence

An FSSAI registration shows customers that the packaged drinking water they buy is safe to drink. This means that the product meets safety standards, which makes it safe for consumption. This helps to build trust and confidence among consumers. It also encourages them to choose licensed products over unlicensed alternatives.

• Market Access

Many retail and online platforms require products to have an FSSAI registration before listing them. Businesses without this license may struggle to enter or expand in the market. This license helps businesses expand and reach more customers.

• Quality Assurance

The FSSAI license requires packaged drinking water to have regular inspections and audits. These inspections ensure that the water treatment processes, packaging materials, and storage conditions adhere to the prescribed standards. This helps to maintain the quality and safety of the product.

• Environmental Responsibility

FSSAI guidelines encourage businesses to choose eco-friendly packaging materials. Licensed businesses should follow sustainable practices. This helps to eliminate environmental impact and promote corporate social responsibility.

Documents Required to Get an FSSAI License for Packaged Drinking Water

Here are the documents required to get an FSSAI license for packaged drinking water:

Common Documents for All FSSAI Licenses

• Applicant’s Identity and Address Proof, such as Aadhaar Card, Voter ID, Passport, or Driving License.
• Passport-sized photo of the applicant.
• Proof of Business Address, including Rental Agreement, Lease Agreement, Utility Bill, or Property Ownership Documents.
• Business Constitution/Type Proof like Certificate of Incorporation (for companies), Partnership Deed, or Proprietorship Registration Certificate.
• Detailed list of all products you plan to manufacture, sell, or distribute.
• Food Safety Management System (FSMS) Plan
• A self-declaration form as per FSSAI requirements.
• No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the local authority or health department, if applicable.
• Water Testing Report for businesses dealing with food or beverages, which confirms the potability of the water used.

State & Central License Documents

• Form B: Duly filled and signed application form
• Layout Plan: Blueprint of the processing unit showing dimensions and area allocation
• Directors/Partners List with contact details and photo IDs
• Equipment and Machinery Details, including numbers and installed capacity
• Water Analysis Report
• Authority Letter from the manufacturer nominating a responsible person
• No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Local Authority
• Health No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the health department (if applicable)
• List of Food Categories
• Recall Plan if applicable (for Central License)
• Import Export Code (IEC): It is not required unless the business involves import or export activities

How to Get FSSAI Registration for Packaged Drinking Water?

FSSAI requires all Food Business Operators (FBOs) dealing with packaged or mineral water must obtain BIS certification. This rule comes from the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restriction on Sales) Regulations, 2011. No business can manufacture, sell, or display packaged drinking water or mineral water without the mark of BIS certification. This ensures that the water meets quality and safety standards. This helps to protect consumers from contaminated or unsafe drinking water. Compliance is mandatory for all businesses.

Below is the step-by-step process to get an FSSAI license for packaged drinking water:

Step 1: Visit the FoSCoS Portal

Firstly, you need to visit the official FoSCoS portal to apply for the FSSAI registration process in India without any hassle. This is the first step to begin the Registration process.

Step 2: Create a User Account

As an applicant, you must create a new user account by clicking on the “Sign Up” option. Then, you need to enter your full name, mobile number, and email address. You will receive an OTP (one-time password) from the system to check your details. The account will become active and ready for use after verification.

Step 3: Select the Correct License Type

In the next step, you must log in to your account and choose the “Apply for New License/Registration” option to select the license type. You must select the correct license type according to your needs. This can include a state license or a central license. If you choose the wrong food license type, it can lead to unnecessary delays in applying for an FSSAI license.

Step 4: Complete the Application Form

You must fill out and submit the application form with the required information. You can use Form B for a State or Central License. The required information can include the business name, address, contact details, type of food business, number of employees, production capacity, and other required details.

Step 5: Upload Required Documents

Next, you must upload all necessary scanned documents, including identity proof, address proof, business registration certificate, and any other documents. You must keep each file under 2 MB.

Step 6: Pay the License Fees

Next, you must pay the applicable food license registration fees online. Once your payment is completed, you will be provided with an Application Reference Number (ARN). You can easily check and track the status of your application. 

Step 7: Review and Inspection

The authorities will review your submitted application and documents carefully. If necessary, officials may visit your premises to inspect hygiene and safety standards for State or Central Licenses. You need to resolve your issues on time for smooth operations.

Step 8: License Approval and Download

Once approved, you must log in to the FoSCoS portal and download the food license registration. The FSSAI registration certificate contains a unique 14-digit registration number. You can also save it in a PDF format. This certificate confirms that your business meets all food safety rules and can operate smoothly.

Consequences of Operating Without an FSSAI License

Listed below are the consequences of operating a packaged drinking water business without an FSSAI license:

• Fines

FBOs who manufacture, sell, or store food without a valid license can face fines up to Rs. 5 lakh. This penalty applies to businesses that are required to obtain a license but fail to do so.

• Imprisonment

In severe cases, authorities can impose imprisonment on those operating without a license. This serves as a strong deterrent against non-compliance and reinforces the importance of food safety.

• Business Closure

Authorities have the power to suspend or cancel the license of a non-compliant business. They can also shut down operations immediately if the FBO fails to respond to improvement notices or continues unsafe practices.

• Product Seizure

Food inspectors can seize products that are unsafe, substandard, or sold without a valid license. These products may be detained or destroyed to protect public health.

• Loss of Customer Trust

Consumers associate an FSSAI license with safety and quality. Operating without it can erode customer confidence, reduce sales, and damage long-term loyalty.

• Penalties for Safety Violations

Non-compliance can lead to additional penalties in case of food safety breaches. This can increase business costs and create operational challenges.

• Limited Growth Opportunities

Many retailers, malls, and food delivery platforms require a valid FSSAI license. Without it, businesses cannot expand through these partnerships, limiting growth potential.

• Damage to Brand Reputation

Failure to follow regulations harms a brand’s image. Customers may perceive the business as careless or unreliable, which can reduce market share and trust.

Tips for Safe Consumption of Packaged Drinking Water

Here are the tips for Safe consumption of packaged drinking water:

• Verify FSSAI Registration

You need to always check the FSSAI license number on the water bottle. This 14-digit code shows that the manufacturer meets safety and hygiene standards. As a consumer, you can visit the official FoSCoS portal to verify whether a water brand is registered.

• Inspect Packaging Integrity

You must choose bottles with intact and tamper-proof seals. The bottle material must be in a food-grade plastic that follows Indian standards. Clear and transparent bottles show the visibility of the water and prevent dirt or contamination. If a package is damaged or broken, the water can become unsafe from bacteria or pollutants.

• Check Manufacturing and Expiry Dates

You must always read the manufacturing and expiry dates on the bottle. Fresh water ensures better quality and safety. You should always avoid old or near-expired bottles to prevent health risks which can be caused due to stale water.

• Avoid Damaged or Exposed Bottles

Never use water from bottles that are cracked, dented, or exposed to dirt. Physical damage can compromise water quality and cause contamination.

• Store Properly

Store bottles in a cool and dry place. Avoid heat, direct sunlight, or chemical exposure. Proper storage keeps water fresh and prevents chemical leaching or bacterial growth.

• Choose Branded Water

Only buy water from verified brands with proper FSSAI registration. Unbranded or unverified water may not follow safety standards, which increases health risks.

Conclusion

The packaged drinking water FSSAI high risk classification ensures that every drop reaching consumers is safe and contamination-free. By enforcing strict regulations, FSSAI classifies packaged drinking water under the high-risk category to maintain hygiene and quality throughout the process. Compliance with FSSAI new rules for packaging, along with a valid FSSAI license guarantees consumer trust, product safety, and adherence to national food safety standards. If you want to apply for an FSSAI registration, get assistance from Online Legal India today.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Online Legal India is a digital platform. If you require legal assistance, we strongly recommend consulting a qualified lawyer or law firm.

FAQ

Q1. Why does FSSAI classify packaged drinking water as a high-risk category?

FSSAI classifies packaged drinking water as FSSAI high risk because it can easily get contaminated with harmful microorganisms, chemicals, or toxins during collection, treatment, or packaging. The authority maintains strict monitoring and testing at every stage to ensure purity, hygiene, and safety. This classification helps FSSAI enforce stronger quality controls and protect consumers from potential health risks linked to unsafe bottled water.

Q2. What are the new FSSAI guidelines for packaged drinking water?

The new guidelines for packaged drinking water is pre-licensing audits, strict source verification,  regular third-party inspections, and more. Every manufacturer must follow quality parameters defined under the Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations to ensure safe drinking water for consumers.

Q3. Does FSSAI require a special license for packaged drinking water?

Yes. FSSAI require a special license for packaged drinking water. Every packaged drinking water business must obtain an FSSAI Central License, as it involves large-scale manufacturing and distribution. The license certifies that the unit follows FSSAI’s safety, testing, and packaging standards before the product reaches consumers.

Q4. What happens if a packaged drinking water manufacturer violates FSSAI standards?

If a manufacturer fails to meet FSSAI standards, their license can be suspended or cancelled. They may also face strict penalties and product recalls to ensure unsafe products do not reach the market.

Q5. How can consumers verify if a packaged water brand is FSSAI-approved?

Consumers can verify the authenticity of a packaged water brand by checking its 14-digit FSSAI license number on the label and confirming it through the official FoSCoS portal.